The Reason and Background for same are:
Marathas started becoming
Militarily Strong after Decade of Death of Aurangzeb (1720) especially after
ascension of Baji Rao 1 ( 1720–1740).
They always entertained the idea
of demolishing Gyan Vapi Mosque and reinstating Kashi Vishwanath Temple. They
started reaching North India by 1740s. Balaji Baji Rao (1740 - 1761) especially
instructed in a letter in 1751 (still preserved) to his Brother Raghunath Rao
to reinstate Kashi Vishwanath Temple. Raghunath Rao’s Lieutenant Malhar Rao
Holkar publically stated in 1755 his idea of demolishing Gyan Vapi Mosque.
The reason they cannot do so is
because they cannot conquer and Annex Awadh Province. Especially because of 4th
& 5th invasions of Ahmed Shah Abdali (1757 & 1761). 5th invasion of
Abdali which culminated in 3rd Battle of Panipat seriously weakened Maratha
Power in North India for about a decade.
During this decade British East
India Company made gains and ultimately defeated Nawab of Awadh in 1765. With
subsequent treaties and especially 2nd Treaty of Allahabad (1775), Benaras came
under British control. Warren Hastings explicitly denied any permission for
demolishing Gyanvapi Mosque. But British finally gave permission to Ahilya Bai
Holkar ( Daughter in law of Malhar Rao Holkar) in 1780 to create Kashi
Vishwanath Temple adjacent to Gyan Vapi Mosque.
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