Jews often harshly ridicule Palestinians, rather gloatingly, for not accepting the 1947- partition resolution? Isn't this similar to blaming European Jewry for rejecting Jesus, which would have shielded them from centuries of anti-Semitism?

Not at all.

The Jews who accepted Jesus became Christians thereby and thus ceased to be Jews. Had all the Jews accepted Jesus, there would be no more Jews.

(Getting rid of anti-Semitism by getting rid of Jews is hardly a solution. It’s like riding a house of fleas by burning down the house.)

Nobody ever expected Palestinian Arabs to renounce their identity. The question, rather, is why they refused an offer for internationally-recognized sovereignty — which, if anything, would have strengthened their national identity.

(To be fair, in 1948 the Zionists had been working towards exactly that sort of international recognition for over fifty years… so they were psychologically prepared. They had been willing to accept lesser offers before. The Palestinian Arabs, by contrast, by and large didn’t even think of themselves as a cohesive people in 1948… and they could be forgiven for not knowing, in 1948, that this was the best offer they would ever get.)

Given that Palestinian Arabs would eventually organize themselves, so that they became a cohesive group with a national identity, it’s not surprising that they regret missing the opportunity of 1947/1948. What is surprising, to me at least, is that they blame Israel for it.

The Palestinian Jews of 1947 got the same offer that the Palestinian Arabs did — here is land, upon which you can declare a sovereign state for yourselves. The former group accepted the offer (and then had to fight for their lives over it); the latter group did not.