In the year 305 BC, two great armies met on the plains of the Indus River. Both of them had come quite far from home. At stake was control over the valuable land of the Indus River Valley.
Leading one army was the Greek
king Seleucus, the mightiest of the late Alexander the Great’s generals, who
had consolidated his control over much of Alexander’s conquered lands and won
victories over many kings. With his venture across the Indus, he was seeking to
expand his domain, win glory, and go farther than anyone - even Alexander
himself - had gone before. The Greek civilization would sit unquestioned atop
the known world.
A bust of Seleucus
At the head of the other army was
a man who had already won for himself a great reputation in India. He and his
lieutenants had successfully orchestrated the takeover of much of northern
India. Conquering the fertile Indus River valley, the hearth of Indian
civilization, would be the capstone for his achievements. The name Maurya would
strike fear, awe, and love into the hearts of Indians. His name was
Chandragupta.
A statue depicting Chandragupta
Two great kings met on the plains
of the Indus River. Their coming battle would determine the destiny of the
Indian continent.
Spoiler alert: they never had a
battle. Both kings recognized that they would be better off as friends than as
enemies. Appian, a Greek historian, writes in his Syriaca that the two kings
“came to an understanding with each other.” Seleucus gave up his ambitions of
conquering the Indus River valley, allowing Chandragupta to integrate the
region’s cities and peoples into his growing empire. Appian writes that the two
kings “contracted a marriage relationship,” indicating that they formed a new
alliance and linked their dynasties together.
Finally, in exchange for the
withdrawal of Greek forces from India, Chandragupta gifted Seleucus five
hundred trained war elephants.
Chandragupta would go on to
expand and consolidate India’s first great empire, becoming the Alexander of
India and one of the most respected men in the world, before leaving it all
behind and joining a monastery, where he disappears from history. His empire,
the Maurya Empire, would take Indian civilization to its first great apex; his
grandson, Ashoka, presided over the finest era of peace humanity had ever
known.
Seleucus would take his elephants
west, where he continued his dominance over western civilization. Those
elephants proved useful in Seleucus’s confrontations with his rivals for power
in the Greek world, terrifying battle-hardened veterans and shattering
unbreakable phalanxes. Chandragupta’s elephants, born in the forests of
Magadha, bred in the war camps of India, taken over the mountains of Persia and
across the great rivers of Mesopotamia, found their calling, halfway across the
world, on the battlefields of Anatolia
Sources
Appian, The Syrian Wars
https://www.thefridaytimes.com/chandraguptas-elephants-in-hellenistic-wars/
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