Uxmal

 Uxmal is an ancient Maya archaeological site located in the Yucatán Peninsula of present-day Mexico. It is one of the most significant and well-preserved Maya cities, known for its impressive architecture and intricate stone carvings. Here are some key points about Uxmal:

1. **Location:**

   - Uxmal is situated in the Puuc region of the Yucatán Peninsula, around 62 miles (100 kilometers) south of the modern city of Mérida.

2. **Period of Construction:**

   - The major structures at Uxmal were built during the Late Classic period of Maya civilization, roughly between the 7th and 10th centuries CE.

3. **Architectural Style - Puuc Architecture:**

   - Uxmal is renowned for its distinctive architectural style known as Puuc architecture. Puuc refers to the hilly region in which Uxmal is located.

   - Puuc architecture is characterized by intricate stone mosaics, geometric patterns, and representations of the rain god Chaac.

4. **Major Structures:**

   - **Pyramid of the Magician (Pirámide del Adivino):** A stepped pyramid that is one of the most iconic structures at Uxmal.

   - **Governor's Palace (Palacio del Gobernador):** A massive building with long, ornately decorated facades. It is considered one of the most impressive structures at Uxmal.

   - **Nunnery Quadrangle (Cuadrángulo de las Monjas):** A complex of buildings arranged around a courtyard, featuring detailed carvings and intricate stone fretwork.

5. **Great Pyramid (Pyramid of the Magician) Legend:**

   - According to local folklore, the Pyramid of the Magician was said to have been built overnight by a dwarf (or magician) who hatched from an egg.

6. **Ceremonial Center:**

   - Uxmal's layout reflects a well-organized ceremonial center with various structures serving religious, administrative, and residential purposes.

7. **Decline and Abandonment:**

   - Like many other Maya cities, Uxmal experienced a decline in the 10th century, possibly due to a combination of environmental factors, resource depletion, or political changes. The city was eventually abandoned.

8. **UNESCO World Heritage Site:**

   - Uxmal, along with other nearby Maya sites in the Puuc region, has been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996.

Visitors to Uxmal today can explore its well-preserved structures and gain insights into the advanced architectural and artistic achievements of the ancient Maya civilization. The site is a popular destination for archaeology enthusiasts and tourists interested in Mesoamerican history.