The question you've raised touches on a significant theological concept within Christianity, known as the Trinity. In Christian theology, the Trinity refers to the belief in one God existing in three distinct persons: the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit. Each person is fully God, and yet there is only one God.
Concerning the death of Jesus, Christian doctrine holds that Jesus, as the Son of God, took on human form (incarnation) and experienced death on the cross for the redemption of humanity. This concept is central to Christian understanding and is articulated in various ways, including the idea of the Atonement.
The death of Jesus is seen as a sacrifice, and Christians believe that Jesus, being fully divine and fully human, willingly accepted death to reconcile humanity with God. The understanding is not that God (the Father or the entirety of the Trinity) ceased to exist, but rather that Jesus, in his human nature, experienced death.
This concept is encapsulated in the Nicene Creed, a statement of Christian faith adopted in the 4th century, which affirms the divinity of Jesus and his role in salvation:
"...I believe in one Lord Jesus Christ,
the only-begotten Son of God,
begotten of the Father before all worlds;
Light of Light, very God of very God;
begotten, not made,
being of one substance with the Father,
by whom all things were made..."
The idea is that the divine nature of Jesus remained intact, even in death, and that the resurrection is a key aspect of Christian belief, signifying the victory over sin and death.
It's important to note that different Christian denominations may have nuanced interpretations of these theological concepts, and individual perspectives can vary. The Trinity and the nature of Christ are profound mysteries within Christianity, and different theological traditions approach these mysteries with different language and emphasis.
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