How is it that the disciples of Jesus all had English names, Matthew, Mark, Luke, etc., but not an Abdul among them?

 The names commonly associated with the disciples of Jesus, such as Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, are based on their traditional English forms. These names have been transmitted through various translations of the Bible and are part of the cultural and linguistic traditions of the English-speaking world.

The original disciples of Jesus would not have had English names because English, as a language, did not exist during their time. The disciples were Jewish individuals living in the region of the eastern Mediterranean during the 1st century AD, and they would have had names in Aramaic, a Semitic language spoken in that region.

The names commonly used today are derived from translations of the Bible, which have been made into numerous languages over the centuries. For example, the New Testament was written in Greek, and the names of the disciples were transliterated from Greek to other languages.

If you were to look at the original names of the disciples, they would have had names like "Matityahu" for Matthew, "Markos" for Mark, "Loukas" for Luke, and "Ioannes" for John. As for names with an "Abdul" prefix, that is more common in Arabic and Islamic traditions, not in the original Jewish or Greek context of the New Testament.

The names as we know them today are a result of linguistic and cultural translations over time and are not indicative of the disciples' original names or the cultural context in which they lived.