Wednesday, 1 June 2011

Importance Of Using Geological Maps For Finding Oil And Gas Resources On Earth

By Killingsworth Seth


Geologists are professionals who survey different areas of the Earth for figuring out the historical background, traits, as well as composition of different rock layers. The outcomes of their analysis are arranged in the form of geological maps that assist us in discovering natural reserves of petrol, gasoline, minerals and water that are present inside the earth crust. Geological mapping was first introduced in United States of America in eighteenth century. Currently, various geological survey sectors have appeared around the world.

Geological maps offer data on water bodies, streets, forest areas and land contours too. They include tinted areas, contour lines as well as icons for showing heights, land surfaces, recreational regions, pathways and other structures. They're also called topographical sheets. Three-dimensional maps are used by tourism department as well as construction firms for planning trips or, for development purposes.

Drawing geological maps is a simple but time consuming activity. Geography scholars are well-trained for this process. For drawing a map, you should acquire a pre-made topographical chart of the selected place. Locate the prime rocks present in that spot and shade the areas with different colors, on the paper. You may use different shades to symbolize the level of weathering of soil.

Now, making use of a compass as well as a protractor, calculate the dips as well as elevations of different locations as well as, evaluate the inclination of earth in number of degrees. Thereafter, make contour lines on the paper and designate a perpendicular mark in the middle of the line. Tag the symbol and allocate the degree of dip. Finally, do a survey of that area and employ various emblems for denoting man-made constructions such as houses, puddle, colleges etc.

While examining the geological maps of Central Asia, you will find an interesting area known as South Caspian Basin, situated around the Caspian Sea, in the region of Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan and north Iran. The most intriguing feature of this region is Upper Pliocene in the South Caspian Basin. It is a location that comprises of natural oil and fuel gas reserves which are believed to be more than 150 years old. Chief supplies were produced in the lacustrine reserves of upper and middle Pliocene age.

These reserves had been formulated as a result of lateral compressions between the Eurasian as well as the Arabian plates several years back. Due to this, Upper Pliocene in the South Caspian Basin encompasses natural sources that decomposed to produce 70% natural gas resources, 65% petroleum reserves and low sulfur remains. It is the leading oil transporting area situated in central Asia!




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